This protocol achieves enhanced availability and reliability by creating virtual routers, which are an abstract representation of multiple routers, i.e. master and backup routers, acting as a group
The virtual router is assigned to act as a default gateway of participating hosts, instead of a physical router
The physical router that is forwarding packets at any given time is called the master router
VRRP provides information on the state of a router, not the routes processed and exchanged by that router
Each VRRP instance is limited, in scope, to a single subnet
It does not advertise IP routes beyond that subnet or affect the routing table in any way